Bipolar Disorders

Bipolar disorder is a lifelong mood disorder that affects approximately 2.8% of U.S. adults annually, with lifetime prevalence approaching 4.4%⁴. While often diagnosed in late adolescence or early adulthood, early symptoms—such as mood lability, irritability, or depressive episodes—can present in younger patients, making early identification in primary care and pediatric settings essential¹. Genetic predisposition plays a significant role, with up to 90% of individuals having a first-degree relative with a mood disorder². Co-occurring conditions, such as substance use disorders, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic syndrome, are common and should be regularly screened for in both medical and behavioral health settings.

Bipolar disorder is also associated with elevated suicide risk and reduced life expectancy, by an average of 9 to 17 years, largely due to medical comorbidities and suicide^4,5. An estimated 10–20% of individuals with bipolar disorder die by suicide, and up to 60% may attempt it at least once, often with high lethality³. Integrated care coordination between primary care and behavioral health providers is crucial to ensure continuity of care, monitor treatment adherence, and manage risks. Evidence-based approaches include mood stabilizers, psychotherapy, and routine follow-up, especially during transitions of care.